Laudanum
Tinctura opii. Laudanum was already used in the 16th Century by Paracelsus. The main ingredient is opium which is dissolved in wine. As additives it could contain various spices such as cinnamon, cloves and saffron. Laudanum was used as a remedy, especially against gastro-intestinal cramps and diarrhea. The high potential of the narcotic opium could lead to physical dependence. Famous consumers were J.W. Goethe, E.T.A. Hoffmann, Edgar Allan Poe and Bordelaire. See also opiates
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